@article{oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00006382,
 author = {Otsuyama, Takuya and Manabe, Jun and Hayakawa, Masashi},
 journal = {Advances in polar upper atmosphere research},
 month = {Aug},
 note = {P(論文), VLF signature of ionospheric perturbations associated with winter lightning discharges around Japan has been investigated during 3 months observation (December 2000 through February 2001). During this period it seems that there are no optical phenomena in the Hokuriku area (Sea of Japan side) indicating that our period was not extremely active in lightning as compared with the previous winter (Y. Hobara et al., Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 935, 2001). Based on the VLF subionospheric observation at Moshiri (Hokkaido) and Maizuru (near Kyoto) for NWC (Australia) and NPM (Hawaii) transmitter signals, we have found the following results; (1) Trimpis tend to occur at least when the lightning activity is enhanced independent of the polarity, (2) Trimpis are observed when the causative lightning is located not only on the Sea of Japan side but also on the Pacific Ocean side, and (3) the occurrence of Trimpis in the Hokuriku area is more enhanced than that on the Pacific side, which is discussed with a special reference to the different meteorological conditions.},
 pages = {77--86},
 title = {Characteristics of subionospheric VLF perturbations associated with winter lightning around Japan},
 volume = {18},
 year = {2004}
}