@article{oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00005223,
 author = {MACAULAY, Michael C.},
 journal = {Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology},
 month = {Jan},
 note = {P(論文), Marine ecological studies of zooplankton and fish can greatly benefit from the application of hydroacoustic measurements. These measurements can be accomplished using off-the-shelf hardware and software. Hydroacoustic sampling equipment is widely available utilizing various methods, for example, single beam, dual beam, and split beam systems. Each method has attendant limitations and advantages in terms of the kinds of information produced and the costs associated with the acoustic equipment and the data processing following data collection. Combining direct samplers (i.e., nets) with hydroacoustic instruments can produce highly productive insights into relationships of organisms and their environment as well as inter specific relations. Autonomous vehicles can be fitted with acoustic systems and other sensors to permit sampling in difficult environments (e.g., under ice). This can be especially useful for obtaining information on distribution of organisms in a minimally disturbed environment. It is important to note that hydroacoustic observations, especially when coupled with other underway or continuous sampling of the environment and biota, produce prodigious quantities of data. Effective management of such large data sets requires flexible and efficient tools to store, analyze, and permit statistical and other comparisons between and within sets of observations. This paper presents some examples of currently available tools for making hydroacoustic observations utilizing a number of different sensors, examples of how the resulting data can be efficiently managed to allow detailed imaging of acoustic data, and how that information can be extracted and related to other observational or analytical data.},
 pages = {118--132},
 title = {APPLICATIONS OF HYDROACOUSTICS IN MARINE ECOLOGICAL STUDIES : A PERSPECTIVE ON THE PRESENT STATUS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS (15th Symposium on Polar Biology)},
 volume = {7},
 year = {1994}
}