@article{oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00004108,
 author = {Fukushima, Naoshi},
 journal = {Proceedings of the NIPR Symposium on Upper Atmosphere Physics},
 month = {Jun},
 note = {P(論文), In his pioneering study of polar magnetic storms BIRKELAND proposed in 1908 (when the existence of the ionosphere was still unknown to us) an hypothetical current-system in the earth's environmental space (which consists of an east-west horizontal electrojet above the auroral zone connected to a pair of field-aligned currents) that explains the world geomagnetic disturbance of the simplest morphological pattern called now magnetic substorm (polar elementary storm, according to BIRKELAND's original naming). In the history of magnetic storm studies, however, BIRKELAND's idea was discarded in 1938 but revived in 1950's. This historical fact seems to have resulted from an unreasonable discrimination against his current-system in a comparison with that of CHAPMAN, wherein the proposed BIRKELAND current-system was unfortunately misrepresented. This unintentional mistake has remained unnoticed over half a century.},
 pages = {108--115},
 title = {Unreasonable discrimination of BIRKELANDユs current-system in the history of magnetic storm studies},
 volume = {4},
 year = {1991}
}