@article{oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010160,
 author = {Park, Hotaek and Yabuki, Hironori and Ohata, Tetsuo and Park, Hotaek and Yabuki, Hironori and Ohata, Tetsuo},
 issue = {1},
 journal = {Polar science, Polar science},
 month = {Apr},
 note = {This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal trends in snow depth (SD) and snow cover extent (SCE) for Arctic lands, excluding Greenland, for the period 1948–2006. The investigation not only delineates how the Arctic regions are manifesting significant annual trends in both SD and SCE, but also provides a comprehensive understanding of their historical context. To achieve these objectives, the combined resources of the hydrological and biogeochemical model (CHANGE), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) weekly SCE data, and in situ observations of SD were used. Most regions in the Arctic exhibited a significant negative trend in SD over the 59 years of study. The magnitude of the negative trend was stronger in North America than in Eurasia, where the decrease became more significant, starting from the late 1980s, coinciding well with the temperature rise during that time. During the same period, the warming temperature caused a prominent decrease in deeper SDs (i.e., >35 cm), so that the corresponding SCEs exhibited negative anomalies, with the greatest declines being observed at SDs > 55 cm. In contrast, the SCEs for SD ≤ 35 cm showed increased anomalies during the most recent two decades. The increased anomalies signify a sequential result induced by the decrease in the SCEs with deeper SDs, rather than the expansion of snow to snow-free regions. These changes resulted in a northward shift of the shallow SD line, which took place to a highly significant degree in North America. These results suggest that the Arctic SCE and SD will undergo more intense changes in response to the future climate warming., 本研究は北極陸域における1948-2006間の積雪深及び面積の時・空間トレンドを調べることを目的とする。その結果、北極陸域の積雪深及び面積のトレンドやそれらの長期間の変動に対する理解が高まる。そのために、水文モデル（CHANGE）、NOAAの積雪カーバデータと観測データを用いた。過去59年間、多部分の陸域の積雪深は減少トレンドを示した。そのトレンドはユーラシアより北アメリカでより顕著であった。積雪深の減少は気温上昇の影響であることが明らかであった。気温上昇により35 cm以上の積雪深の面積でその減少が著しく、特に、55 cm以上の地域でより顕著に減少した。一方、積雪深35 cm以下の面積は1990年以降増加していた。その増加は、新たに積雪域が増えたことよりは厚い積雪深の面積の減少によるその連鎖結果であることを表す。また、北アメリカでは浅い積雪深のスノーラインが北上する変化が見られた。今後の気温上昇により北極陸域の積雪深及び面積は大きく影響されると予想される。},
 pages = {23--37},
 title = {Analysis of satellite and model datasets for variability and trends in Arctic snow extent and depth, 1948–2006},
 volume = {6},
 year = {2012}
}