@article{oai:nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp:00010135,
 author = {Park, Hotaek and Walsh, John E. and Kim, Yongwon and Nakai, Taro and Ohata, Tetsuo and Park, Hotaek and Walsh, John E. and Kim, Yongwon and Nakai, Taro and Ohata, Tetsuo},
 issue = {2},
 journal = {Polar science, Polar science},
 month = {Jun},
 note = {The dramatic decline in Arctic sea ice cover is anticipated to influence atmospheric temperatures and circulation patterns. These changes will affect the terrestrial climate beyond the boundary of the Arctic, consequently modulating terrestrial snow cover. Therefore, an improved understanding of the relationship between Arctic sea ice and snow depth over the terrestrial Arctic is warranted. We examined responses of snow depth to the declining Arctic sea ice extent in September, during the period of 1979-2006. The major reason for a focus on snow depth, rather than snow cover, is because its variability has a climatic memory that impacts hydrothermal processes during the following summer season. Analyses of combined data sets of satellite measurements of sea ice extent and snow depth, simulated by a land surface model (CHANGE), suggested that an anomalously larger snow depth over northeastern Siberia during autumn and winter was significantly correlated to the declining September Arctic sea ice extent, which has resulted in cooling temperatures, along with an increase in precipitation. Meanwhile, the reduction of Arctic sea ice has amplified warming temperatures in North America, which has readily offset the input of precipitation to snow cover, consequently further decreasing snow depth. However, a part of the Canadian Arctic recorded an increase in snow depth driven locally by the diminishing September Arctic sea ice extent. Decreasing snow depth at the hemispheric scale, outside the northernmost regions (i.e., northeastern Siberia and Canadian Arctic), indicated that Arctic amplification related to the diminishing Arctic sea ice has already impacted the terrestrial Arctic snow depth. The strong reduction in Arctic sea ice anticipated in the future also suggests a potential long-range impact on Arctic snow cover. Moreover, the snow depth during the early snow season tends to contribute to the warming of soil temperatures in the following summer, at least in the northernmost regions., 北極海氷の顕著な減少は気温と大気循環に影響すると考えられる。その影響は北極海を超えて陸域の気候、及び積雪にも及ぶと予想される。そのため、海氷減少と陸域の積雪深の関係を理解する必要がある。1979−2006年における９月の海氷面積の減少に対する積雪深の反応を調べた。積雪深には翌年の夏期の水文及び地温環境に影響する気候学的メモーリの効果があるため、積雪カーバより積雪深の変動に注目した。海氷面積の衛星観測データと陸面過程モデルCHANGEが計算した積雪深を用いた解析からは、秋期と冬季において増加する北東シベリアの積雪深は９月の海氷減少と有意な相関が認められた。カナダの極域の一部においても海氷減少により積雪深の増加が確認できた。一方、海氷減少により北米の気温が上昇して積雪深が顕著に減少した。北東シベリアとカナダの極域を除いた地域において積雪深の減少は、海氷減少による北極の温暖化増幅が陸域の積雪環境に既に影響していたことを示唆する。今後予想される地球温暖化による海氷減少は積雪に更に影響すると考えられる。積雪深の増加が見られた地域では積雪深の断熱効果により翌年夏期の地温が上昇していたことを確認した。},
 pages = {174--187},
 title = {The role of declining Arctic sea ice in recent decreasing terrestrial Arctic snow depths},
 volume = {7},
 year = {2013}
}