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However a long-term variation of TSI was not detected. The solar irradiance at the earth\u0027s surface is considerably smaller (170 W^\u003c-2\u003e) than previously believed (e.g. 198 W m^\u003c-2\u003e of IPCC AR4). The previous overestimation is due to the underestimation of the absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere. The absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere at about 90 W m^\u003c-2\u003e, or 25-28% of the primary solar radiation from space. The global mean atmospheric downward terrestrial radiation is much larger (345 W m^\u003c-2\u003e) than previously assumed (325 W m^\u003c-2\u003e of IPCC AR4). The Arctic has regions of negative annual net radiation, a very rare phenomenon on the globe. These regions are the Central Arctic Ocean with its multi-year ice coverage and the accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet. The energy balance of these regions is presented. Long-wave incoming radiation has been increasing in the Arctic at a rate of 4-5 W m^\u003c-2\u003e/Decade. The Greenland ice sheet exhibits a large vertical difference in net radiation from the ablation area to the dry snow zone in summer. It ranges from 80 W m^\u003c-2\u003e in the ablation area to 20 W m^\u003c-2\u003e at the equilibrium line and to 10 W m^\u003c-2\u003e in the dry snow zone. This gradient determines the melt gradient on the ice sheet, and is mainly caused by the altitude variation in atmospheric long-wave radiation, seconded by the albedo variation. The effect of albedo in summer for various surfaces is discussed. 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Present status and variations in the Arctic energy balance
https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/10157
https://nipr.repo.nii.ac.jp/records/1015731e8f822-e28e-41b8-843f-19ec9b9faa14
Item type | 学術雑誌論文 / Journal Article(1) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
公開日 | 2014-10-16 | |||||
タイトル | ||||||
タイトル | Present status and variations in the Arctic energy balance | |||||
タイトル | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
タイトル | Present status and variations in the Arctic energy balance | |||||
言語 | ||||||
言語 | eng | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Energy balance | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Radiation | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Arctic | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Greenland | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | GCM | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Energy balance | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Radiation | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Arctic | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | Greenland | |||||
キーワード | ||||||
言語 | en | |||||
主題Scheme | Other | |||||
主題 | GCM | |||||
資源タイプ | ||||||
資源タイプ識別子 | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501 | |||||
資源タイプ | journal article | |||||
アクセス権 | ||||||
アクセス権 | metadata only access | |||||
アクセス権URI | http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_14cb | |||||
著者 |
Ohmura, Atsumu
× Ohmura, Atsumu× Ohmura, Atsumu |
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抄録 | ||||||
内容記述タイプ | Abstract | |||||
内容記述 | The total solar irradiance (TSI, or solar constant) acquired a new value: 1361 W m^<-2> instead of 1365 W m^<-2>. However a long-term variation of TSI was not detected. The solar irradiance at the earth's surface is considerably smaller (170 W^<-2>) than previously believed (e.g. 198 W m^<-2> of IPCC AR4). The previous overestimation is due to the underestimation of the absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere. The absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere at about 90 W m^<-2>, or 25-28% of the primary solar radiation from space. The global mean atmospheric downward terrestrial radiation is much larger (345 W m^<-2>) than previously assumed (325 W m^<-2> of IPCC AR4). The Arctic has regions of negative annual net radiation, a very rare phenomenon on the globe. These regions are the Central Arctic Ocean with its multi-year ice coverage and the accumulation area of the Greenland ice sheet. The energy balance of these regions is presented. Long-wave incoming radiation has been increasing in the Arctic at a rate of 4-5 W m^<-2>/Decade. The Greenland ice sheet exhibits a large vertical difference in net radiation from the ablation area to the dry snow zone in summer. It ranges from 80 W m^<-2> in the ablation area to 20 W m^<-2> at the equilibrium line and to 10 W m^<-2> in the dry snow zone. This gradient determines the melt gradient on the ice sheet, and is mainly caused by the altitude variation in atmospheric long-wave radiation, seconded by the albedo variation. The effect of albedo in summer for various surfaces is discussed. Simulation capabilities of radiation for many GCMs are investigated. | |||||
内容記述 | ||||||
内容記述タイプ | Other | |||||
内容記述 | 熱収支気候学はこの数年間に大きな進歩を経験したので、全球の新しい熱収支を、次に北極について更新されつつある熱収支を述べる。まず太陽常数は、すこし小さい1361 Wm?2を用いる。地表での全天日射は従来の値よりはるかに小さい170 Wm?2となり、大気の吸収率が遥かに大きく25から28%と推定された。大気から地表面への長波は従来の値より大幅に増加し全球平均で345 Wm?2前後となった。北極では、多年氷に覆われている北極海中央部とグリーンランド氷床の涵養域で、年平均で正味放射が負になっている。北極域の地表面への長波放射の値は、最近20年間の平均で4から5 Wm?2/10年の率で増加している。グリーンランド氷床の放射平衡は、正確に知られるようになり、北極の諸表面の主なアルベドも最新の情報を提出する。(348) | |||||
書誌情報 |
Polar science en : Polar science 巻 6, 号 1, p. 5-13, 発行日 2012-04 |
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出版者 | ||||||
出版者 | 国立極地研究所 | |||||
ISSN | ||||||
収録物識別子タイプ | ISSN | |||||
収録物識別子 | 18739652 | |||||
書誌レコードID | ||||||
収録物識別子タイプ | NCID | |||||
収録物識別子 | AA12240481 | |||||
論文ID(NAID) | ||||||
識別子タイプ | NAID | |||||
関連識別子 | 110009418535 | |||||
DOI | ||||||
識別子タイプ | DOI | |||||
関連識別子 | http://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2012.03.003 | |||||
関連名称 | 10.1016/j.polar.2012.03.003 |